1,Background introduction
Since 2003, China has begun to apply advanced RFID radio frequency identification technology to modern pig slaughter and processing enterprises, and developed a real-time production monitoring and management system for RFID live pig slaughter. The system can monitor the whole process of production in real time and collect relevant data of key processes such as the main production process and sanitary inspection, quarantine, etc. automatically, in real time and accurately, and it satisfies HACCP quality supervision requirements. In addition, the government supervisory department can effectively monitor the quality and safety of products, track and trace the origin and direction of the problem products in a timely manner, and regulate the production and operation processes of meat food companies, thereby effectively improving the quality and safety of meat products.
2,System application point
The application of RFID technology in the animal husbandry industry mainly has two aspects. On the one hand, it establishes the animal husbandry management system for fine animal breeding, and on the other hand, it establishes an animal tracking and management system. At present, the safety of beef products has become a key factor in the supply chain of beef. In view of this, more than 20 countries and regions in the world have adopted RFID technology to track and trace food production processes and obtained good results. The RFID-based beef tracking system identifies the management objects of cattle growth, beef processing, storage, and retail supply chain links and connects them to each other, and then uses these barcodes and human-readable methods to express them. Once the beef products have health and safety problems, they can be traced through these marks, accurately narrowing the scope of the security problems, identifying the areas where the problems occur, and tracing the geographic locations of the relevant producing areas, slaughtering or processing institutions, and even individual cattle. In this way, the supply of goods from these places can be blocked from entering the market, and effective governance can then be implemented.
3,The main application functions of the system
3.1 Installing an electronic identity card for cattle
The first step in the RFID-based cattle breeding and tracking is to install an electronic ID card on the cattle to create a permanent digital file for each cow that uniquely identifies the properties of each cow. The basic methods for animal installation of electronic tags include: collar type, ear tag type, injectable type and pill type electronic tags.
3.2 RFID-based cattle farm management system
The livestock information is written in the chip, including: animal owner-stock owner’s name, sex, livestock type, characteristics, whether it is immunized, vaccine type, manufacturer, production lot number, inoculation method, inoculation dose, immunization quantity, and immunizer name, etc. The livestock owner needs a handheld data collector and can obtain livestock related information. According to the regulations of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, the cattle coding format is: 2-×××××× (county administrative area code)-×××××××× (identification sequence number). Other countries should be revised according to the local number.
The specific operation flow is: In the daily management of livestock, the livestock owner only needs to carry a wireless handheld terminal to read the ear tag of the livestock to be followed, and the related information of the livestock can be displayed on the handheld terminal. The livestock owner can feel this information to deal with their daily diet, medical history, birth history, and immunization records. Fast and convenient, saving a lot of time. It is not necessary to look up the original acquisition preparation file card. At the same time, you can set up livestock files in the background computer in the back-end computer. The details of each animal are recorded through the computer professional. You don’t have to worry about unclear records or missing file cards. At the same time, the departments and relevant leaders immediately check the status of any pastures, stalls, and livestock through the Internet to achieve transparent information.
3.3 RFID-based dairy cow precision feeding subsystem
Based on the database system, the fine breeding digitalization realizes the data acquisition and updating, data storage and management, and information extraction and analysis of each business unit user in the distributed network environment, and forms the basic data through the digital agriculture basic data warehouse mechanism. Sharing and information mining. The abstraction of the knowledge and experience of the fine culture experts, the establishment of a data model for the guidance of dairy cattle breeding, the use of feedback in the breeding practice to adjust the model.
The logical structure of the digital breeding system for dairy cows is divided into data layer, service layer, and application layer three-tier system structure. The data layer consists of a digital agricultural basic data warehouse (including a metadata database, an image database, a comprehensive feed nutrient database), a sensor information base (including wireless RF sensor data, video surveillance data, etc.), and an expert model database. The service layer is composed of digital agriculture fine culture support platform and information sharing and exchange platform, including computer network system, communication system, monitoring system, display system and operating system. The application layer mainly includes various application systems, as the client calls the database server information and services.
3.4 RFID-based meat tracking system
RFID technology can be applied to the whole process of animal husbandry food production, including feeding, epidemic prevention and sterilization, product processing, food circulation and other aspects, and the introduction of standardized technical regulations and quality supervision measures to establish a “farm to table” food supply Chain tracking and traceability system.
1. The government took the lead in building a meat food supervision platform to achieve information access and sharing among affiliated companies and departments in all aspects of the supply chain and realize end-to-end monitoring from the source of production to the retail link.
2. The cattle breeding link realizes its entire feeding and tracking through RFID technology and supporting aids, realizes the integration with the rear-end livestock production management system, and connects with the raw animal quarantine inspection system of the industry’s competent authorities, and at the same time, relevant information is input into the meat. Food regulatory platform.
3. Beef transportation link, through the use of RFID technology and supporting aids to deploy crossing monitoring system at different transport nodes to achieve the monitoring of the entire transport process, and provide activities such as quarantine inspection and transport disinfection of live pigs, and related information input meat products Regulatory platform.
4. In the process of cattle slaughter, the health status of cattle was verified and confirmed through RFID technology and supporting aids, and the back-end management system of the slaughterhouse was integrated. At the same time, relevant information was input into the meat food supervision platform.
5. Beef processing link, through RFID technology, with bar code technology to achieve the relationship between cattle information and beef information, at the same time, the relevant information entered the meat food regulatory platform.
6. Beef wholesale and retail links, through RFID technology to accelerate the efficiency of the logistics link, trace its source information through bar code technology, strengthen its market transaction management, and, at the same time, relevant information is input into the meat food supervision platform.
4,Advantages of RFID Technology in Animal Husbandry Industry Applications
Electronic sign management has been used in Europe and America for several years and has become a technology display. In addition to the application of automatic rationing and yield statistics within the company, it can also be used for animal identification, disease monitoring, quality control, and animal species tracking. The advantages of RFID technology in the livestock industry include the following:
Non-contact automatic reading, real-time data acquisition method
RFID technology is the use of non-contact radio frequency identification, the collection of data in the electronic tags placed in the animal ear lobe or body, and system management is an extremely effective management method to grasp the animal’s health status and control the occurrence of animal epidemics.
Waterproof, can be applied to animal body
The use of low-frequency tags allows water and animal bodies to penetrate and is insensitive to water and metals. It can be read quickly and easily regardless of whether the tags are placed in animals or placed on cattle ears.
Unique number, easy to forge, easy to manage
When the animal is born, the electronic identification is placed in the earlobe or in the body of the animal. The electronic identification is used once, the serial number, and the unique number. Through the traceability management of individual dairy cows, precision feeding is carried out to increase the ratio of feeds to milk; at the same time, health warnings and milk quality monitoring are carried out to improve the quality of milk production and greatly increase the economic benefits of the company.
Combined with information technology, it is conducive to tracking management
Through the supporting software management program, the growth cycle is monitored throughout. Such as whether or not it is stocked in a non-polluting natural environment, whether the index of water and soil, air, etc. is up to standard, the use of veterinary drugs and additives, whether the feed has been contaminated by pesticides or residual additives, etc., and it is recorded that it has been stocked at any ranch in different periods. And its important information such as epidemic situation, health status. When the food animal reaches the slaughter standard, the slaughterhouse will strictly inspect the animal’s “quality file.” Only after strict inspection can be slaughtered, and the “file” will be archived for future “quality traceability.”
